Singular & Plural

1. Definition

Number Meaning
Singular Refers to one person, place, animal, or thing.
Plural Refers to more than one person, place, animal, or thing.

2. Rules for Forming Plurals

Rule Singular Plural
Add -s book books
Add -es (s, sh, ch, x, z) box boxes
y → ies (after consonant) city cities
f / fe → ves leaf leaves
Irregular man men

3. Irregular Plurals

Singular Plural
childchildren
toothteeth
footfeet
mousemice
oxoxen

4. Same Form for Singular and Plural

Word Example
sheepOne sheep / Two sheep
deerA deer / Many deer
fishOne fish / Many fish
aircraftAn aircraft / Two aircraft

5. Example Sentences

Singular (5)

  1. The boy is playing.
  2. A cat is sleeping.
  3. The child is happy.
  4. This book is new.
  5. She bought a dress.

Plural

  1. The boys are playing.
  2. The cats are sleeping.
  3. The children are happy.
  4. These books are new.
  5. She bought many dresses.

6. Common Mistakes (7)

Wrong ❌ Right ✅
childrens children
mouses mice
sheeps sheep
leafs leaves
two foots two feet
datas data
furnitures furniture
Exam Tip: Some nouns are always singular (furniture, information, advice) and never take plural forms.


Future tense Quiz — Pick the Future tense

10 questions. Choose the correct Future tense.

Questions: 0 • Current: 0